Full-spectrum deterrence
nuclear. Also full spectrum deterrence
Pakistan’s stated nuclear posture, set out publicly by Lieutenant General (retired) Khalid Kidwai, a former head of the Strategic Plans Division, and in its fullest form in 2023. It describes forces on land, at sea and in the air with ranges from zero to 2,750 kilometres and strategic, operational and tactical yields, including the short-range Nasr missile, intended to deter any Indian attack, including limited conventional war. Critics argue that tactical weapons lower the nuclear threshold.12
Linked from 3 pages across CUPA.
Sources
- Did Pakistan Just Overhaul Its Nuclear Doctrine?. Foreign Policy, 2023. Press
- Pakistan’s New Nuclear Strategy Is a Crisis in the Making. The National Interest. Press
