Research · Reference
Policy glossary
The laws, agreements, institutions and places that come up again and again in relations between the United States and Pakistan, each explained in a short, neutral, sourced entry.
65 entries, A to Z
8 of 65 terms in Diplomacy. Show all
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F
Fulbright Program
diplomacy. Also Fulbright, USEFP, United States Educational Foundation in Pakistan. The US government’s flagship academic-exchange programme, which in Pakistan has run since 1950 through the binational United States Educational Foundation in Pakistan (USEFP). It funds Pakistani students for master’s and doctoral degrees at US universities and brings American scholars to Pakistan. Since 2005 Pakistan has had the world’s largest Fulbright foreign-student programme by US government funding.I
Indus Waters Treaty
diplomacy. A 1960 treaty between India and Pakistan, negotiated over nine years with the World Bank, which also signed it. It gives Pakistan the use of the western rivers (Indus, Jhelum, Chenab) and India the eastern rivers (Ravi, Beas, Sutlej), with limited uses of the other’s rivers. A Permanent Indus Commission handles questions; differences go to a Neutral Expert and disputes to a Court of Arbitration.L
Lahore Declaration
diplomacy. A declaration signed on 21 February 1999 by Prime Ministers Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Nawaz Sharif during Vajpayee’s visit to Lahore, months after both countries’ nuclear tests. It committed them to intensify efforts to resolve all issues, including Jammu and Kashmir, and to reduce the risk of accidental or unauthorised use of nuclear weapons. An accompanying memorandum provided for advance notice of ballistic-missile tests.S
Simla Agreement
diplomacy. Also Shimla Agreement, Simla Pact. The Agreement on Bilateral Relations signed at Simla (Shimla) on 2 July 1972 by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto after the 1971 war. The two countries undertook to settle differences “by peaceful means through bilateral negotiations or by any other peaceful means mutually agreed upon”, and to respect the Line of Control resulting from the ceasefire of 17 December 1971.T
Tashkent Declaration
diplomacy. The declaration signed in Tashkent, then in the Soviet Union, on 10 January 1966 by Indian Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri and Pakistani President Ayub Khan, with Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin as mediator, after the 1965 war. Both sides agreed to withdraw their forces to the positions held before 5 August 1965, restore normal diplomatic relations and settle disputes by peaceful means. It left the Kashmir question unresolved.U
UN Security Council resolutions on Kashmir
diplomacy. Also Resolution 47, UNSC Resolution 47. Resolutions the UN Security Council adopted from 1948 on what it called the India–Pakistan question. Resolution 47 of 21 April 1948 recommended steps in sequence: withdrawal of tribesmen and Pakistani nationals who had entered to fight, reduction of Indian forces to the minimum needed for order, and a plebiscite under a UN-nominated administrator. The plebiscite was never held. Pakistan says the resolutions remain the basis for a settlement; India holds that the issue is bilateral.US–Pakistan Strategic Dialogue
diplomacy. Also Strategic Dialogue. A structured series of senior talks between the United States and Pakistan, held at ministerial level from 2010, led by the US Secretary of State and Pakistan’s foreign minister or foreign-affairs adviser. Working groups covered economics and finance, energy, defence, law enforcement and counterterrorism, and strategic stability and non-proliferation. Ministerial rounds ran until 2016; narrower dialogues, such as on counterterrorism, have continued.No terms match your search.
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